Early Country
Early country music was brought down from the Appalachian mountains, heavily influenced by the Celtic and Gaelic roots of the people in those "hollers." With simple arrangements and beautiful harmonies, it has also been called Mountain Music. It is performed primarily acoustic, with typical instruments including banjos and fiddles, with guitars and even the autoharp adding to this Celtic-Appalachian rooted music.
Jimmie Rodgers
Roy Acuff
The Carter Family
Bluegrass
While Jimmie Rodgers is considered the "Father" of Country Music, Bill Monroe is the Father of Bluegrass. He was simply a country singer whose distinct style lent itself a new label, which was taken from the name of his band, the Bluegrass Boys. That extremely distinctive style, most notably characterized by the style of banjo picking invented by Bluegrass Boy Earl Scruggs, sets it apart from its close cousin, Mountain Music. Bluegrass is a music of sharing, where every musician gets a chance to shine. You may first hear the melody on the mandolin, then on the dobro, then on the banjo, then the fiddle, and so on.
Alison Krauss
Bill Monroe
Del McCoury Band
Dolly Parton
Flatt & Scruggs
Stanley Brothers
Rhonda Vincent
Ricky Skaggs
Traditional Country
As mountain music spread out of the mountains and the Grand Old Opry flourished, the music of the people settled into traditions, drawing its tone mostly from that old-time mountain music, updating it for newer audiences, and blending and merging styles. There were obviously hints of other styles and the later country music movements, but boil it all down to basics, and this is where you'll find the old fiddles, pedal steel, and guitar rhythms of solid, down-home, old-time Traditional Country music.
Bill Anderson
Don Williams
Johnny Cash
Little Jimmy Dickens
Loretta Lynn
Porter Wagoner
Roy Clark
Tom T. Hall
Cowboy & Western
Many artists didn't like the term "hillbilly," thinking that it portrayed negative cultural stereotypes. But "cowboy" implied romance, heroism, and bravery. By the mid 1930s, artists started wearing fancy outfits with fringe, boots, and cowboy hats. Some of the most well-known country stars, such as Roy Rogers and Gene Autry, were also seen on movie screens and television. Western/cowboy music is distinguished by rich harmonies, storytelling, swing and waltz rhythms, and very distinctive themes.
Chris LeDoux
Gene Autry
Riders in the Sky
Roy Rogers
Western Swing
When you think of Western Swing, you think of Bob Wills. He combined elements of country, jazz, pop and blues music. He wanted to give people something to dance to. The music was in its heyday during World War II, combining the popular rowdy dancehall music with the western sound of the cowboy, making for a bouncy, joyous sound that practically demands getting out on the dance floor.
Asleep at the Wheel
Bob Wills
Honky Tonk
Honky-tonk music is the more simple "dance form" of western swing, a robust combination of plain cowboy music/themes with the bouncing dance steps that were filling dance halls all over the country. For those who didn't "swing with Bob" or "sway with Cole," this foot-stomping music was just the thing. Favored heavily by blue-collar, hard-working, hard-drinking plain folks, it is a powerful part of the Bakersfield and Texas music sound.
Ernest Tubb
George Jones
Hank Williams Sr.
Lefty Frizzell
Webb Pierce
Rockabilly
There was a fairly distinct line between "white music" and "black music" in the mid-fifties when Elvis Presley walked into Sun Studios and was famously discovered. Blending the two styles, hill-billy country and delta and midland blues, created a new sound that, really, others had been making and Elvis just made famous - and mainstream. The actual rockabilly sound didn't last very long, rapidly turning into other styles and genres, and today tends to be thought of as a serious "retro" sound, but the impact it had on American music is undeniable.
Carl Perkins
Elvis Presley
Jerry Lee Lewis
Nashville Sound
During the 40's and into the 50's, some country artists made the crossover to the big band halls, blending their hill country sound with the ballroom orchestra tunes made popular by Glen Miller and other band leaders during the war years. The Nashville sound took typically honky-tonk and hillbilly singers and backed them with the lush sound of strings and horns to appeal to a wider audience, beginning the crossover phenomenon.
Eddy Arnold
Jim Reeves
Patsy Cline
Ray Price
Country Rock
In the 70's rock came back to its roots, turning "rock" into a sound more country than country itself was since the incursion of the Nashville Sound. As early as the mid-60's there were rock groups dabbling in their country roots sound, including the Beatles and the Monkees; by the 70's it gave way to all-out "southern-fried" rock from groups like Michael Nesmith & the 1st National Band, The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Pure Prairie League, and the Marshall Tucker Band.
Alabama
Charlie Daniels Band
Gram Parsons
Miranda Lambert
Montgomery Gentry
Travis Tritt
Bakersfield Sound
The Bakersfield sound really isn't very different from the honky-tonk sound, although it tends to rock a little more, but at its heart Bakersfield music is honky-tonk, that combination of swing and hillbilly to make for a dance music for the working man. Buck Owens brought it to a wide audience through the medium of television, and its effects can be seen on country music from Bakersfield to Austin.
Buck Owens
Dwight Yoakam
Derailers
Merle Haggard
Outlaw
"Outlaw" music came about as a direct result of the encroaching Nashville Sound. Artists who wanted to have their own arrangements and their own musicians balked at the heavy handed producers and orchestral backing that Nashville wanted in its "country," so they fought it at every level until Willie Nelson released his critically acclaimed Red-Headed Stranger. The popularity of that disc brought about the tongue-in-cheek title Wanted: The Outlaws! and a movement was born.
Billy Joe Shaver
David Allen Coe
Hank Williams Jr.
Jessi Colter
Johnny Paycheck
Kris Kristofferson
Waylon Jennings
Willie Nelson
New Traditionalist
The Outlaw movement carried country music into the 80's, then faded before the same pressures that continued to make the Nashville Sound king, although by this time it had been "mellowed" by the pop sounds of the 70's. In the early 90's the old country sound made a strong comeback, crashing onto the charts with as much power and force as the outlaws had in the decades before.
Alan Jackson
Brad Paisley
Clint Black
Dierks Bentley
George Strait
Joe Nichols
Josh Turner
Keith Whitley
Randy Travis
Ricky Van Shelton
Contemporary Country
As in the 40's, a desire for crossover appeal shook up the late 90's and when new traditionalist Garth Brooks went "pop," he took all of country with him. Hitting the pop charts became as important, maybe even more so, than pleasing the country music listening audience, and music being called "country" with a sound sometimes like 70's pop, became all the rage.
Brooks & Dunn
Carrie Underwood
Faith Hill
Garth Brooks
Keith Urban
Kenny Chesney
Rascal Flatts
Rodney Atkins
Shania Twain
Taylor Swift
Tim McGraw
Trace Adkins
Trisha Yearwood
Texas Country
Texas is where the original Outlaws came from, and that's where new outlaws are born. Still stubbornly sticking to the sound of music the way they like it being made, proud and independent and still combining those western swing sounds with a modern sensibility that makes it thoroughly and uniquely Texan, down to the bones.
Billy Joe Shaver
Bruce Robison
Charlie Robison
Chris Knight
Dale Watson
Jack Ingram
Kelly Willis
Pat Green
Sonny Burgess
Todd Fritsch
Alternative Country
The alt-country movement blossomed out of the 70's country-rock sounds, with artists and bands who wanted to retain their independence and make the music the way they wanted it. While many alt- country artists could easily be defined in any of the other country music categories, their dogged determination to make the music they want without any limitations sets them as a group apart.
BR549
Cross Canadian Ragweed
Jayhawks
John Prine
Rodney Crowell
Rosanne Cash
Steve Earle


